Using the neuroscience of motivation to get things done

Using the neuroscience of motivation to get things done Using the neuroscience of motivation to get things done Charles Duhigg  is a Pultizer Prize-winning journalist and the bestselling author of  The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business  and  Smarter Faster Better: The Transformative Power of Real Productivity. He recently sat down with  Srinivas Rao  on the  Unmistakable Creative  podcast to discuss why habits are so different from true productivity, and how we can  all tap into our brain’s capacity for greater motivation.This conversation has been edited and condensed.Follow Ladders on Flipboard!Follow Ladders’ magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and more!  Srini:  What sparked your interest in habits and productivity?Charles:  The Power of Habit  had just come out, and I was surprised by how many people were buying it. I was also working on this series for the  New York Times  that went on to win the Pulitzer Prize. So professionally, I was having this great year.But I would come home each night and say to my wi fe, “If this is what success feels like, sign me back up for failure, because this is terrible.” All I would want to do was have dinner with my kids and read them a story, but I would have 100 emails to deal with, and all this important stuff to do that I hadn’t gotten to during the day. So I’d stay up til midnight or 1:00 in the morning dealing with all of these tasks, and then I’d fall asleep and wake up the next morning with even more stuff to deal with.And it didn’t make any sense to me, because I felt like there were other people who seemed much more successful than me, and seemed much less stressed out. Why were they able to get more important things done?So I started reaching out to researchers, and they said, “The reason why [some people] are more productive is not because they found some life hack, like ‘delegate everything’ or ‘never write more than one sentence in an email’- it’s because they’ve trained themselves to think in fundamentally differ ent ways. They’ve learned a method for self-motivation, or how to be creative on demand. They know how to run a meeting with teammates, or build a team that gels much better and more quickly. The key is to think the right way, and the actions follow.” Once I learned that, I decided to spend a lot of time trying to figure out exactly how I should be thinking in order to be more productive.“Productivity is not about doing things unthinkingly- productivity is about pushing yourself to think more about the things that matter.”In many ways,  The Power of Habit  and  Smarter Faster Better  are actually opposite books. Because when you make a behavior into a habit, you’re trying to make it automatic, something you don’t have to think about. Instead of having to haul yourself out of bed and convince yourself to go exercising, you just do it unthinkingly- and that’s great.But productivity is very different. Productivity is not about doing things unthinkingly- productivity is ab out pushing yourself to think more about the things that matter. So for instance, we know that the people who are most productive tend to spend more time thinking about what their priorities ought to be. Instead of getting into their office and going on autopilot- which is what habits help us do- the most productive people sit down and say, “I know what I did yesterday, but is that the best use of my time today? What’s the biggest priority for today?” Because in today’s economy and workplaces, you can be busy all day long, and not get anything important done. Back when I was having this crisis, I was always busy, but I wasn’t doing the important tasks. I wasn’t prioritizing what was meaningful and most important.So in many ways,  Smarter Faster Better  is about how you train yourself to think more deeply about your choices and take control of your life. You have to build what is known as  contemplative routines, these practices that look like habits but force you to thin k. Like, getting into a habit of arguing with your friends about whether you’re making the right choice, or making a habit of writing your biggest goal at the top of a page and asking yourself, “Is that really the most important thing that I should be doing today?” Rather than letting you stop thinking, the point of those habits is to push you to think more, because that’s where real productivity comes from.Srini:  You divided the book into several different areas, so I was wondering if we could do a high-level overview of each one. Can we start with motivation, focus, and goals?Charles:  Sure. We can generate activity in the part of our brain where motivation resides by doing two things: First of all, looking for choices that make us feel like we’re in control- that increases motivation.“I would rather eat a meal of my own design than have the most delicious thing forced on me.”One of my favorite examples of this is a study that tried to figure out why, when some peop le move into nursing homes, their health declines almost immediately, and they end up dying. Because in a nursing home, there are all these resources around you, so everyone’s health should improve.What they found is that the people who thrived in nursing homes sought out ways to prove to themselves that they were in control of their own lives. Researchers referred to these people as “subversives,” because they’ll do things like break the rules on purpose, just to prove that they are in control of whether they break the rules or not.There was this one nursing home where every resident would get a meal tray with a pre-set meal on it- they had no choice about what to eat. And there was this group that would sit down, and as soon as they got their meal tray, they would trade items with each other. There was this one guy who loved chocolate cake, but every night, he would trade his chocolate cake with someone else. And the researchers asked him, “Why are you trading your choco late cake? You love it!” And he told them, “I would rather eat a meal of my own design than have the most delicious thing forced on me.”And those people, as a rule, were much more motivated. They were more motivated to exercise, to follow their doctor’s orders, to interact with other residents, to eat more healthily- and it was because they looked for ways to prove to themselves that they were in control of their own lives.Srini:  That’s really interesting, because now I’m thinking about my waking up every morning to write 1,000 words. I can’t help but wonder if the reason I’m motivated to do it is because I control it.“For motivation to be sustainable, it has to connect to our deepest aspirations or values- and we have to remind ourselves of how it connects.”Charles:  Absolutely. If I told you that you couldn’t leave the house until you had written 1,000 words, you would feel much less motivated to write those 1,000 words, right? We’ve all been in a situatio n where there’s some dumb task at work that we just have to do- we have to file our expenses, we have to grade students’ papers- and it’s torture. And yet, there are equally boring tasks that we do without a problem, that we’re really motivated to get done, because we feel like we’re choosing to do them.This also ties into the other thing that we know about motivation, which is that for motivation to be sustainable, it has to  connect to our deepest aspirations or values- and we have to remind ourselves of how it connects. I was interviewing this oncologist who’s also a professor and a researcher, and he said that he hates grading students’ papers- it’s the most boring thing on the face of the planet. So when he sits down to grade students’ papers, he has this mantra that he repeats to himself: “Okay, why am I grading these students’ papers? I’m grading these students’ papers because that allows the university to collect tuition dollars. And when the univer sity collects tuition dollars, it allows them to pay for my research. And if they pay for my research, I can try to find the cure for cancer. And if I find the cure for cancer, I’m going to save millions of lives. So by grading these students’ papers, I am helping to save millions of lives.”Now, that’s crazy- but what’s equally crazy is that an MDâ€"PhD has to go through this mantra just to sit down and grade students’ papers. But that’s the point- oftentimes we forget why we’re doing things, particularly dumb little things that easily frustrate us. But if we remind ourselves, “I’m doing this for an important reason,” it helps us generate the motivation to actually get started.This article originally appeared on Heleo.You might also enjoy… New neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happy Strangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds 10 lessons from Benjamin Franklin’s daily schedule that will double your productivity The worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs 10 habits of mentally strong people

6 reasons why you should be an early morning riser

6 reasons why you should be an early morning riser 6 reasons why you should be an early morning riser For most of us, the notion of surviving a near-death experience, whether it be personal or professional, is terrifying. If we’re “lucky,” we may experience it once.Hal Elrod has experienced it three times.At the age of 20, Hal was pronounced clinically dead for six minutes when he was hit head-on by a drunk driver going 70 miles per hour. When he woke from a coma, he was told by doctors that he would never walk again. Over the next six days, Elrod had seven surgeries to repair 11 broken bones, a ruptured spleen and severed nerves. He flatlined twice during surgery.Yet, not only did he walk again, he went on to run a 52-mile ultramarathon.Then, when the global financial crisis hit, Hal experienced a professional near-death experience. His speaking engagements and coaching clients canceled their contracts. He had just bought a house and gotten engaged and, without that income, he quickly racked up $425,000 in debt. He was on a downhill spiral and openly contemplated suicide.Needi ng some motivation and inspiration, Hal began studying some of the world’s highest achievers (artists, athletes, business leaders, etc.). What he noticed was that almost all of them had a morning routine and they all consisted of a few similar elements.Not sure which ones to focus on, he decided to develop his own personal morning routine that incorporated all the elements and, with the help of his wife, coined his new sunup ritual “The Miracle Morning.” Eventually, he wrote about his morning routine and how it turned his life around. A short time later his book, The Miracle Morning became both a best-seller and garnered a loyal online and offline community of productive early risers.I started incorporating The Miracle Morning habits into my life three years ago and have not looked back.Here are the six key elements of a meaningful morning routine which Hal coined his Life SAVERS:SilenceThis can be meditation, prayer, reflection, deep breathing or expressions of gratitude; don e individually or in combination with other steps.AffirmationRepeating positive statements about oneself in order to create a positive, self-confident attitude.VisualizationUsing your imagination to create mental pictures of specific outcomes and behaviors that you are hoping to achieve.ExerciseEven just a few minutes to get your blood pumping and heart rate elevated. It has so many positive benefits on stress, focus and more.ReadingAt least 10 pages a day on a topic focused on personal development or inspiration. This element was the genesis of the idea for Friday Forward. I wasn’t finding what I wanted to read so I started writing it.ScribingWriting each day, whether in a journal, pages of a book or just stream of consciousness. Hal actually wrote The Miracle Morning during his morning routine and it’s when I write my Friday Forwards each week.More recently, in 2016, Hal was diagnosed with an aggressive form of cancer that had only a 30% survival rate. He beat that too and now speaks about the critical role that his established Miracle Morning routine played in his cancer battle and remission.If you do the same research that Hal did, you will find that almost anyone with sustained achievement at a high level â€"and who is not a night owl - has a morning routine. They get up early and play offense rather than react defensively to the world around them. They start each day with intention and focus on what’s most important to them, not to everyone else. They run their days rather than having their days run them.Most people insist that they just can’t get up any earlier. I would argue, from my own experience, that you can’t afford not to.I had the privilege of chatting with Hal on our Outperform podcast. When you listen to the episode, I think you will find, as I certainly did, that his positivity is infectious; his passion for helping others live their best life is genuine; and his steps for how to improve our morning routines to be simple, feasible and life-changing.This article was originally published on Quora.

Special Journal Issue Now Available on Emerging Investigators

Special Journal Issue Now Available on Emerging Investigators Special Journal Issue Now Available on Emerging Investigators Special Journal Issue Now Available on Emerging Investigators Feb. 9, 2018 The ASME Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage recently published a special issue, Emerging Investigators in Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 2018, which showcases the work of 13 up-and-coming scientists and engineers in the field of electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Emerging investigators are researchers who are usually in the early phases of their independent careers, within 12 years of receiving their doctorates, who have demonstrated potential for high impact in the field. This special issue is intended to highlight emerging engineers and scientists who are internationally recognized for making outstanding contributions to the electrochemical energy conversion and storage field. In addition to an editorial presenting profiles of the 13 contributing emerging scientists and engineers, the issue features two review articles: Redox Flow Batteries for Energy Storage: A Technology Review and Mesoscale Physicochemical Interactions in LithiumSulfur Batteries: Progress and Perspective. The issue also includes 10 research papers, including An Interdisciplinary View of Interfaces: Perspectives Regarding Emergent Phase Formation, A Three-Dimensional Agglomerate Model of an Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Innovating Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries Through Basic to Applied Research, and Blue Refrigeration: Capacitive De-ionization for Brackish Water Treatment. The new issue is the latest in a series of special ASME Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage issues, including Multiphysics Coupling in Energy Storage, which was published in August 2016. https://journaltool.asme.org.

Here is a best-case scenario for your life and legacy

Here is a best-case scenario for your life and legacy Here is a best-case scenario for your life and legacy They fired her, and then she died two weeks later.Barb was a wonderful person to work with.“Was”The soft helping verb suddenly feels like an anvil. Maybe because in the last 5 years, a lot of people have been taken to the land of was. My sister *was* funny. My grandfather *was* kind. My great grandmother *was* disciplined. My friend from high school *was* talented. Even the shadow of *was* is scary. Right now my grandmother is experiencing dementia. It hurts to know one day she will be a was as well.So will my wife.So will I.But the death of a coworker feels more futile. I point to family members and connect meaningful Christmases and birthdays. I connect life-changing conversations and decades of memory.When I point to Barb I can only say:“Yeah she politely helped me format a few documents once.”That feels unfair.It feels unfair because she was a daughter, a sister, a friend. She was a thinker, a dreamer, a doer. She was a good person in a world which often feels short of them.And look. I am chained to the ugly three letter word again.- - - Before I go much further, let’s take a brief stopover Ed Catmull, one of the co-founders of Pixar.In 1972, long before Toy Story became a concept, Ed sat in a lab and waited for a caster model of his hand to finish drying. (He forgot to apply lubricant, which means he will be yanking out every singl e hair on the back of said hand until he is able to free it from the mold). Once finished, he used his real hands and fingers to paste no fewer than 350 triangles and polygons of varying size and shape on the fake hand. All of this effort is an attempt to mimic the curved structure of a human hand using only 2D shapes.And why would he want to do that? Because at this time, computers were barely able to show flat objects, let alone a nuanced, detailed, three-dimensional hand. Ed attempted what nobody had done before with success. He would use the translate the X,Y, and Z coordinates of the polygons into an array of numbers in the machine, where the monitor would (hopefully) display a crude yet obvious duplicate of Ed’s hand.This project took Ed endless hours to complete. It would go on to be the foundation of his dissertation - “A Subdivision Algorithm for Computer Display of Curved Surfaces.” His paper, a monstrous 84-page tome of data and jargon and theory and big words, wou ld be judged and filed away where few people would ever read it.Did you see what just happened? Decades of thought and work and application - and I boiled it down to three paragraphs.- - - Best case scenario: what you do ultimately ends up as a trivia question, a piece of esoteric knowledge filed away by only the most dedicated historians of your craft (and, perhaps, a writer obsessing over the most minute details of a creative company).What conclusions can we draw from this?Understand life will end, but live anyway.Understand work will fade, but work anyway.Understand love will stop, but love anyway.These are the commandments of being human, best I have found: Live, work, love.Maybe “Barb politely helped me format a few documents once” is the best possible testament to her memory.Maybe “Todd once wrote an post that made me feel something” is the best possible testament to mine.Here’s what I believe without question: The world does not need another Picasso - a sadistic narcissist with little empathy and even less respect for his fellow man.Instead, this generation requires creative people who will say “my work is important, but so are the people I make it for,” who will understand the need for connection as well as success, who will build a better future for those who come next.We need artists who care.Much love as always ?- Todd BThis article first appeared on Medium.

If your coworker speaks like this, they may be a psychopath

If your coworker speaks like this, they may be a psychopath If your coworker speaks like this, they may be a psychopath There’s a certain charisma attached to mania. It often takes many forms, but I think the most frequently depicted characterization has to do with dominance. A quick review of the psychopaths that had America entranced in the past, outs self-assuredness as a consistent feature. Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile,  is an upcoming dramatization of the life of the famous psychotic serial killer, Ted Bundy.  Much like the lore that defined his narrative in real life, the marketing survives on the magnetic charm that captivated many of his victims. Footage of interviews with Bundy while on death row, intimate an articulate, measured speaker, who is both confident and frenetic.Follow Ladders on Flipboard!Follow Ladders’ magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and more!A new study published in the Journal of Psycholinguistic Research dissects everyday communitive habits of disturbed individuals. Their data sample comprised of near ly 2,900 people, distinguishes the key factors that motivate psychopaths to engage in conversation: dominion, and exploitation. The report motions that for psychopaths, communication is often authored by self-interest. In the abstract, the mere satisfaction of dominating a conversation is rewarding, but in some instances, the objective is much more sinister.Cruel IntentionsTeri Sakshaug at Norwegian University of Technology and Science and Aina Sundt Gullhaugen are the authors of the recent study; two experts with the shared goal of re-establishing psychotherapy as an effective method for treating psychosis in convicted criminals.Many professionals warn against this approach because charming and potentially dangerous psychopaths with a knack for manipulation often convince their therapist into believing they have been rehabilitated, only to continue to commit crimes when they get released. By identifying the commonalities in the parlance adopted by these individuals, professionals c an stand a better chance at determining legitimate wellness.One of the finds uncovered by Sakshaug and Gullhaugen is the gift psychopaths possess of crafting incredibly elaborate lies. The details are often so intimate and considered, they become believable. This is further helped by the way many, will monopolize a conversation, creating little room for their stories to be unraveled by too many questions. Psychopaths were also observed to jump from subject to subject when they felt vulnerable, a factor decorated with frequent hand gestures and stuttering.Generally speaking, the psychopaths reviewed showed very little emotion while speaking, and the times they did were not congruent with the respective topic of conversation ( laughing when discussing grim or unpleasant things). All of these broad findings were linked with strangely specific ones. For instance, a sizeable portion of psychopaths often used nouns and pronouns disproportionately, this was also true of using the past tens e. Many also leaned inward while speaking.To belie the impression of invulnerability,  a psychopath will abstain  from mentioning emotional needs, and avoid topics that showcase their weaknesses altogether. Typically their worldview is a binary one-one that is not immune to adamant opinions formed from limited information.  Observing these cues can enable us to act with caution around unstable subjects, even if the consequences of ignoring these determinants aren’t always fatal.Some of the other language and speech patterns psychopaths tend to use include: Talkativeness Trying to dominate the conversation Stuttering when the topics of conversation made the person feel vulnerable Using mainly non-emotional words Using the past tense frequently Frequent use of nouns and pronouns Leaving out essential details Changing the subject suddenly because it feels out of their control The authors conclude,  â€œWe recommend that therapists do not withdraw from psychopathic offenders but rather study their communication more carefully.”You might also enjoy… New neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happy Strangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds 10 lessons from Benjamin Franklin’s daily schedule that will double your productivity The worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs 10 habits of mentally strong people

Airport and Runway Lights Explained

Airport and Runway Lights Explained Airport and Runway Lights Explained If youve been to any major airport at night, you may have noticed that there are a lot of different kinds of lights, ranging from flashing white or pulsating yellow to steady red and even blue. Airport lighting is important for aircraft operating at night, but why do we need so many types? And what do all the colors mean? Airport lights can be divided into different types: General airport lighting, taxiway lighting, runway lighting, and approach light systems.   General Airport Lighting General airport lighting usually includes the airport beacon and any white or red beacon lights on top of towers, buildings, and construction equipment. The airport beacon is a large, powerful rotating light thats highly visible from miles away. Public use airport beacons rotate green and white. Military airports rotate green and white but have two white lights for each green light, which differentiate them from civilian airports. And heliports rotate between green, white and yellow lights. Pilots flying cross-country can easily identify an airport at night from its beacon, making it one of the easiest checkpoints for pilots when navigating at night.    Sometimes air traffic controllers can turn the beacon on and off as necessary; other times its set on a timer. Airport buildings, towers, and other tall equipment on the field will have a small, steady red beacon on top of them to aid in collision avoidance for low-flying aircraft. Taxiway Lights Taxiway Edge. Taxiway edge lights are blue in color and line the taxiways. Airports often have green taxiway centerline lights, as well.Clearance Bar. Set inside the taxiway, clearance bar lights are steady yellow and are meant to increase the visibility of a hold line or a taxiway intersection at night.Stop Bar. Only installed at select airports, stop bar lights are meant to reinforce an ATC clearance to cross or enter a runway in low visibility situations (low IMC). Theyre in-pavement lights that are steady red and extend across the taxiway at a hold short line. Once a pilot is cleared onto the runway, the stop bar lights will be turned off. Runway Guard. A pair of two steady yellow lights that are positioned at each side of the taxiway at the hold short line, the runway guard lights are meant to draw attention to the hold short line - the area where a taxiway meets the runway. Runway Lights Runway End Identifier Lights (REILs). A pair of white flashing lights, one on each side of the approach end of the runway, that help identify the runway from taxiways at night.Runway Edge Light Systems (HIRL/MIRL/LIRL). The runway edge lights are steady white lights on the edges of the runways. On instrument runways, the white lights change to yellow during last 2,000 feet, or half the runway length, whichever is less, and then they turn red as the aircraft reaches the end of the runway.  They can be high-intensity (HIRL), medium-intensity (MIRL) or low-intensity (LIRL). Runway Centerline Lighting System (RCLS). On some precision runways, a runway centerline light system is installed, with white lights spaced at 50-ft intervals on the centerline of the runway. With 3,000 feet remaining, the white lights change to alternating white and red, and then all red during last 1,000 feet.Touchdown Zone Lights (TDZL). Touchdown zone lights are steady white lights placed in two rows next to the centerline, starting at 100 feet and extending to the midpoint of the runway, or 3,000 feet beyond the threshold, whichever is less. Land and Hold Short Lights. When land and hold short operations (LAHSO) are in effect, flashing white lights may be seen across the runway at the hold short line. Other runway lighting may include Runway Status Lights (RWSL), which includes Runway Entrance Lights (RELs), the Takeoff Hold Light Array (THL), Runway Intersection Lights (RILs), and the Final Approach Runway Occupancy Signal (FAROS). These lights work in conjunction with surveillance systems (like ADS-B) and are fully automated. They assist in informing pilots and ground vehicle operators when its safe to enter or cross a runway. Visual Glideslope Indicators Visual glideslope indicators are meant to give pilots a visual guide during their descent to maintain a stabilized approach. They come in two types, VASIs and PAPIs, each of which has multiple types of arrangements, but both of which give pilots a good idea whether theyre on the glide path for a stable approach or not. VASIs, or Visual Approach Slope Indicators, are bars of lights on the side of the runway that, when illuminated, give pilots a visual indication of whether their aircraft is too high or too low on the approach. VASIs can be made up of 2, 4, 6, 12 or 16 lights, usually located on two or three bars - near, middle and far. Two-bar VASIs provide an indication for a 3-degree glideslope, which is typical for what should be flown during an approach. In a common two-bar VASI system, a pilot should see two red lights on the far bars and two white lights on the near bars. If all lights on the near and far bars are red, he is too low. If all lights on the near and far bars are white, he is too high. The rule of thumb pilots use is red over white, youre alright. PAPI stands for Precision Approach Path Indicator. PAPI lights are arranged horizontally, and typically include four lights that can be red or white, depending on where the aircraft is n the glideslope.  A typical PAPI system is located on the left side of the runway. When all four lights are white, the aircraft is too high. As it descends onto the glide path, the lights on the right side will begin to turn red. When an aircraft is on the precise glide path, the two left lights should be white, and the two right lights should be red. When three or more lights are red, it indicates that the aircraft is too low.   Source: DOD/Aeronautical Information Manual

Senior Web Applications Developer Job Description

Senior Web Applications Developer Job Description Senior Web Applications Developer Job Description Senior Web Applications Developer Job Description This senior web applications developer sample job description can assist in your creating a job application that will attract job candidates who are qualified for the job. Feel free to revise this job description to meet your specific job duties and job requirements. Senior Web Appplications Developer Job Responsibilities: Creates user information solutions by developing, implementing, and maintaining Internet/intranet applications; leading team of developers. Senior Web Appplications Developer Job Duties: Defines site objectives by analyzing user requirements; envisioning system features and functionality. Designs and develops user interfaces to Internet/intranet applications by setting expectations and features priorities throughout development life cycle; determining design methodologies and tool sets; completing programming using languages and software products; designing and conducting tests. Recommends system solutions by comparing advantages and disadvantages of custom development and purchase alternatives. Integrates applications by designing database architecture and server scripting; studying and establishing connectivity with network systems, search engines, and information servers. Creates multimedia applications by using authoring tools. Completes applications development by coordinating requirements, schedules, and activities; contributing to team meetings; troubleshooting development and production problems across multiple environments and operating platforms. Supports users by developing documentation and assistance tools. Updates job knowledge by researching new internet/intranet technologies and software products; participating in educational opportunities; reading professional publications; maintaining personal networks; participating in professional organizations. Enhances organization reputation by accepting ownership for accomplishing new and different requests; exploring opportunities to add value to job accomplishments. Supports and develops web application developers by providing advice, coaching and educational opportunities. Senior Web Appplications Developer Skills and Qualifications: Verbal Communication, Web User Interface Design, Web Programming Skills, Software Requirements, Software Architecture, Software Development Fundamentals, Object-Oriented Design (OOD), Multimedia Content Development, Software Debugging, Technical Leadership, Written Communication Employers: Post a job in minutes to reach candidates everywhere. Job Seekers: Search Senior Web Applications Developer Jobs and apply on now. Find outmore abouthow the hiring process: How Hiring Veterans Can Boost Business Red Flags and Warnings in the Interview Process Evaluate a Job Candidates Social Skills